• Global Effect of Modifiable Risk Factors on Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality. 

      Magnussen, Christina; Ojeda, Francisco M.; Leong, Darryl P.; Alegre-Diaz, Jesus; Amouyel, Philippe; Aviles-Santa, Larissa; De Bacquer, Dirk; Ballantyne, Christie M.; Bernabé-Ortiz, Antonio; Bobak, Martin; Brenner, Hermann; Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M.; De Lemos, James; Dobson, Annette; Dörr, Marcus; Donfrancesco, Chiara; Drygas, Wojciech; Dullaart, Robin P.; Engström, Gunnar; Ferrario, Marco M.; Ferrières, Jean; De Gaetano, Giovanni; Goldbourt, Uri; Gonzalez, Clicerio; Grassi, Guido; Hodge, Allison M.; Hveem, Kristian; Iacoviello, Licia; Ikram, M. Kamran; Irazola, Vilma; Jobe, Modou; Jousilahti, Pekka; Kaleebu, Pontiano; Kavousi, Maryam; Kee, Frank; Khalili, Davood; Koenig, Wolfgang; Kontsevaya, Anna; Kuulasmaa, Kari; Lackner, Karl J.; Leistner, David M.; Lind, Lars; Linneberg, Allan; Lorenz, Thiess; Lyngbakken, Magnus Nakrem; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malyutina, Sofia; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; Melander, Olle; Metspalu, Andres; Miranda, J. Jaime; Moitry, Marie; Mugisha, Joseph; Nalini, Mahdi; Nambi, Vijay; Ninomiya, Toshiharu; Oppermann, Karen; D'Orsi, Eleonora; Pająk, Andrzej; Palmieri, Luigi; Panagiotakos, Demosthenes; Perianayagam, Arokiasamy; Peters, Annette; Poustchi, Hossein; Prentice, Andrew M.; Prescott, Eva; Risérus, Ulf; Salomaa, Veikko; Sans, Susana; Sakata, Satoko; Schöttker, Ben; Schutte, Aletta E.; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Sharma, Sanjib Kumar; Shaw, Jonathan E.; Simons, Leon A.; Söderberg, Stefan; Tamosiunas, Abdonas; Thorand, Barbara; Tunstall-Pedoe, Hugh; Twerenbold, Raphael; Vanuzzo, Diego; Veronesi, Giovanni; Waibel, Julia; Wannamethee, S. Goya; Watanabe, Masafumi; Wild, Philipp S.; Yao, Yao; Zeng, Yi; Ziegler, Andreas; Blankenberg, Stefan (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      BACKGROUND - Five modifiable risk factors are associated with cardiovascular disease and death from any cause. Studies using individual-level data to evaluate the regional and sex-specific prevalence of the risk factors and their effect on these outcomes are lacking.<p> <p>METHODS - We pooled and harmonized individual-level data from 112 cohort studies conducted in 34 countries and 8 geographic ...
    • Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 

      Vos, Theo; Allen, Christine; Arora, Megha; Barber, Ryan M.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Brown, Alexandria; Carter, Austin; Casey, Daniel C.; Charlson, Fiona J.; Chen, Alan Z.; Coggeshall, Megan; Cornaby, Leslie; Dandona, Lalit; Dicker, Daniel J.; Dilegge, Tina; Erskine, Holly E.; Ferrari, Alize J.; Fitzmaurice, Christina; Fleming, Tom; Forouzanfar, Mohammad H.; Fullman, Nancy; Gething, Peter W.; Goldberg, Ellen M.; Graetz, Nicholas; Haagsma, Juanita; Johnson, Catherine; Kassebaum, Nicholas J.; Kawashima, Toana; Kemmer, Laura; Khalil, Ibrahim A.; Kinfu, Yohannes; Kyu, Hmwe H.; Leung, Janni; Liang, Xiaofeng; Lim, Stephen S.; Lopez, Alan D; Lozano, Rafael; Marczak, Laurie; Mensah, George A; Mokdad, Ali H.; Naghavi, Mohsen; Nguyen, Grant; Nsoesie, Elaine; Olsen, Helen; Pigott, David M.; Pinho, Christine; Rankin, Zane; Reinig, Nikolas; Salomon, Joshua A; Sandar, Logan; Smith, Alison; Stanaway, Jeffrey; Steiner, Caitlyn; Teeple, Stephanie; Thomas, Bernadette A.; Troeger, Christopher; Wagner, Joseph A.; Wang, Haidong; Wanga, Valentine; Whiteford, Harvey A.; Zoeckler, Leo; Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbas, Kaja M.; Abd-Allah, Foad; Abraham, Biju; Abubakar, Ibrahim; Abu-Raddad, Laith J.; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.E.; Ackerman, Ilana N.; Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi; Ademi, Zanfina; Adou, Arse Kouablan; Afanvi, Kossivi Agbelenko; Agardh, Emilie Elisabet; Agarwal, Arnav; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad; Ahmadieh, Hamid; Ajala, Oluremi N.; Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola; Akseer, Nadia; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Alam, Khurshid; Alam, Noore K. M.; Aldhahri, Saleh Fahed; Alegretti, Miguel Angel; Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw; Alexander, Lily T.; Alhabib, Samia; Ali, Raghib; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Alla, Francois; Allebeck, Peter; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa; Alsharif, Ubai; Altirkawi, Khalid A.; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Amare, Azmeraw T.; Amberbir, Alemayehu; Amini, Heresh; Ammar, Walid; Amrock, Stephen Marc; Andersen, Hjalte H.; Anderson, Gregory M.; Anderson, Benjamin; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Aregay, Atsede Fantahun; Arnlov, Johan; Artaman, Al; Asayesh, Hamid; Assadi, Reza; Atique, Suleman; Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur; Awasthi, Ashish; Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala; Azzopardi, Peter; Bacha, Umar; Badawi, Alaa; Balakrishnan, Kalpana; Banerjee, Amitava; Barac, Aleksandra; Barker-Collo, Suzanne L.; Bärnighausen, Till; Barregard, Lars; Barrero, Lope H.; Basu, Arindam; Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad; Bell, Brent; Bell, Michelle L.; Bennett, Derrick A.; Bensenor, Isabela M.; Benzian, Habib; Berhane, Adugnaw; Bernabe, Eduardo; Betsu, Balem Demtsu; Beyene, Addisu Shunu; Bhala, Neeraj; Bhatt, Samir; Biadgilign, Sibhatu; Bienhofff, Kelly; Bikbov, Boris; Biryukov, Stan; Bisanzio, Donal; Bjertness, Espen; Blore, Jed; Borschmann, Rohan; Boufous, Soufiane; Brainin, Michael; Brazinova, Alexandra; Breitborde, Nicholas J. K.; Brown, Jonathan; Buchbinder, Rachelle; Buckle, Geoffrey Colin; Butt, Zahid A.; Calabria, Bianca; Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo; Campuzano, Julio Cesar; Carabin, Helene; Cardenas, Rosario; Carpenter, David O.; Carrero, Juan Jesus; Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A.; Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo; Catala-Lopez, Ferran; Chang, Jung-Chen; Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia; Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne; Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe; Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine; Chowdhury, Rajiv; Christensen, Hanne; Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas; Ciobanu, Liliana G.; Cirillo, Massimo; Coates, Matthew M.; Colquhoun, Samantha M; Cooper, Cyrus; Cortinovis, Monica; Crump, John A.; Damtew, Solomon Abrha; Dandona, Rakhi; Daoud, Farah; Dargan, Paul I.; das Neves, Jose; Davey, Gail; Davis, Adrian C.; De Leo, Diego; Degenhardt, Louisa; Del Gobbo, Liana C; Dellavalle, Robert P; Deribe, Kebede; Deribew, Amare; Derrett, Sarah; Des Jarlais, Don C.; Dharmaratne, Samath D.; Dhillon, Preet K.; Diaz-Torne, Cesar; Ding, Eric L.; Driscoll, Tim R.; Duan, Leilei; Dubey, Manisha; Duncan, Bruce Bartholow; Ebrahimi, Hedyeh; Ellenbogen, Richard G.; Elyazar, Iqbal; Endres, Matthias; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich; Eshrati, Babak; Estep, Kara; Farid, Talha A; Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa; Faro, Andre; Farvid, Maryam S.; Farzadfar, Farshad; Feigin, Valery L.; Felson, David T.; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Fernandes, Jefferson G.; Fernandes, Joao C.; Fischer, Florian; Fitchett, Joseph R. A.; Foreman, Kyle; Fowkes, Gerry R.; Fox, Jordan; Franklin, Richard C.; Friedman, Joseph; Frostad, Joseph; Furst, Thomas; Futran, Neal D.; Gabbe, Belinda; Ganguly, Parthasarathi; Gankpe, Fortune Gbetoho; Gebre, Teshome; Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde; Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay; Geleijnse, Johanna M.; Gessner, Bradford D.; Gibney, Katherine B.; Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed; Giref, Ababi Zergaw; Giroud, Maurice; Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo; Glaser, Elizabeth; Godwin, William W.; Gomez-Dantes, Hector; Gona, Philimon; Goodridge, Amador; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Gotay, Carolyn C.; Goto, Atsushi; Gouda, Hebe N.; Grainger, Rebecca; Greaves, Felix; Guillemin, Francis; Guo, Yuming; Gupta, Rahul; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Vipin; Gutierrez, Reyna A.; Haile, Demewoz; Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa; Halasa, Yara A.; Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi; Hamidi, Samer; Hammami, Mouhanad; Hancock, Jamie; Handal, Alexis J.; Hankey, Graeme J.; Hao, Yuantao; Harb, Hilda L.; Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai; Haro, Josep Maria; Havmoeller, Rasmus; Hay, Roderick J.; Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz; Heydarpour, Pouria; Hoek, Hans W.; Horino, Masako; Horita, Nobuyuki; Hosgood, H. Dean; Hoy, Damian G.; Htet, Aung Soe; Huang, Hsiang; Huang, John J.; Huynh, Chantal; Iannarone, Marissa; Iburg, Kim Moesgaard; Innos, Kaire; Inoue, Manami; Iyer, Veena J.; Jacobsen, Kathryn H.; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B.; Javanbakht, Mehdi; Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra; Jee, Sun Ha; Jeemon, Panniyammakal; Jensen, Paul N.; Jiang, Ying; Jibat, Tariku; Jimenez-Corona, Aida; Jin, Ye; Jonas, Jost B.; Kabir, Zubair; Kalkonde, Yogeshwar; Kamal, Ritul; Kan, Haidong; Karch, Andre; Karema, Corine Kakizi; Karimkhani, Chante; Kasaeian, Amir; Kau, Anil; Kawakami, Norito; Keiyoro, Peter Njenga; Kemp, Andrew Haddon; Keren, Andre; Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khaiff, Abdur Rahman; Khaiff, Ejaz Ahmad; Khang, Young-Ho; Khera, Sahil; Khoja, Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kieling, Christian; Kim, Pauline; Kim, Cho-il; Kim, Daniel; Kim, Yun Jin; Kissoon, Niranjan; Knibbs, Luke D.; Knudsen, Ann Kristin; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Kolte, Dhaval; Kopec, Jacek A.; Kosen, Soewarta; Kotsakis, Georgios A.; Koul, Parvaiz A.; Koyanagi, Ai; Kravchenko, Michael; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Bicer, Burcu Kucuk; Kudom, Andreas A.; Kuipers, Ernst J.; Kumar, G. Anil; Kutz, Michael; Kwan, Gene F.; Lal, Aparna; Lalloo, Ratilal; Lallukka, Tea; Lam, Hilton; Lam, Jennifer O.; Langan, Sinead M.; Larsson, Anders; Lavados, Pablo M.; Leasher, Janet L.; Leigh, James; Leung, Ricky; Levi, Miriam; Li, Yichong; Liang, Juan; Liu, Shiwei; Lloyd, Belinda K.; Lo, Warren D.; Logroscino, Giancarlo; Looker, Katharine J.; Lotufo, Paulo A.; Lunevicius, Raimundas; Lyons, Ronan A.; Mackay, Mark T.; Abd El Razek, Mohammed Magdy; Majdan, Marek; Majeed, Azeem; Malekzadeh, Reza; Marcenes, Wagner; Margolis, David Joel; Martinez-Raga, Jose; Masiye, Felix; Massano, João; McGarvey, Stephen Theodore; McGrath, John J.; McKee, Martin; McMahon, Brian J.; Meaney, Peter A.; Mehari, Alem; Meija-Rodriguez, Fabiola; Mekonnen, Alemayehu B.; Melaku, Yohannes Adama; Memiah, Peter; Memish, Ziad A.; Mendoza, Walter; Meretoja, Atte; Meretoja, Tuomo J.; Mhimbira, Francis Apolinary; Miller, Ted R.; Mills, Edward J; Mirarefin, Mojde; Mitchell, Philip B.; Mock, Charles N.; Mohammadi, Alireza; Mohammed, Shafiu; Monasta, Lorenzo; Montanez Hernandez, Julio Cesar; Montico, Marcella; Mooney, Meghan D.; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Morawska, Lidia; Mueller, Ulrich O.; Mullany, Erin C.; Mumford, John Everett; Murdoch, Michele E.; Nachega, Jean B.; Nagel, Gabriele; Naheed, Aliya; Naldi, Luigi; Nangia, Vinay; Newton, John N.; Ng, Marie; Norheim, Ole Frithjof; Ngalesoni, Frida Namnyak; Hailu, Alemayehu; Savic, Miloje; Skirbekk, Vegard; Skogen, Jens Christoffer; Stovner, Lars Jacob; Steiner, Timothy J.; Søreide, Kjetil; Vollset, Stein Emil; Weiderpass, Elisabete; White, Richard (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-10-08)
      Background:<br>Non-fatal outcomes of disease and injury increasingly detract from the ability of the world’s population to live in full health, a trend largely attributable to an epidemiological transition in many countries from causes aff ecting children, to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) more common in adults. For the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015), ...
    • Health effects of overweight and obesity in 195 countries over 25 years 

      Afshin, Ashkan; Forouzanfar, Mohammad H.; Reitsma, Marissa B.; Sur, Patrick; Estep, Kara; Lee, Alex; Marczak, Laurie; Mokdad, Ali H.; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Naghavi, Mohsen; Salama, Joseph S.; Vos, Theo; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Abbafati, Cristiana; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa; Amare, Azmeraw T.; Amberbir, Alemayehu; Amegah, Adeladza K.; Amini, Erfan; Amrock, Stephen Marc; Anjana, Ranjit Mohan; Ärnlöv, Johan; Asayesh, Hamid; Banerjee, Amitava; Barac, Aleksandra; Baye, Estifanos; Bennett, Derrick A.; Beyene, Addisu Shunu; Biadgilign, Sibhatu; Biryukov, Stan; Bjertness, Espen; Boneya, Dube J.; Campos-Nonato, Ismael; Carrero, Juan Jesus; Cecilio, Pedro; Cercy, Kelly; Ciobanu, Liliana G.; Cornaby, Leslie; Damtew, Solomon Abrha; Dandona, Lalit; Dandona, Rakhi; Dharmaratne, Samath D.; Duncan, Bruce Bartholow; Eshrati, Babak; Esteghamati, Alireza; Feigin, Valery L.; Fernandes, João Carlos; Fürst, Thomas; Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde; Gold, Audra; Gona, Philimon N.; Goto, Atsushi; Habtewold, Tesfa D.; Hadush, Kokeb T.; Hafezi-Nejad, Nima; Hay, Simon I.; Horino, Masako; Islami, Farhad; Kamal, Ritul; Kasaeian, Amir; Katikireddi, Srinivasa V.; Kengne, André Pascal; Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khang, Young-Ho; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kim, Daniel; Kim, Yun J.; Kinfu, Yohannes; Kosen, Soewarta; Ku, Tiffany; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Larson, Heidi J.; Leinsalu, Mall; Liang, Xiaofeng; Lim, Stephen S.; Liu, Patrick; Lopez, Alan D.; Lozano, Rafael; Majeed, Azeem; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Mazidi, Mohsen; McAlinden, Colm; McGarvey, Stephen Theodore; Mengistu, Desalegn T.; Mensah, George A.; Mensink, Gert B.M.; Mezgebe, Haftay B.; Mirrakhimov, Erkin M.; Mueller, Ulrich O.; Noubiap, Jean J.; Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf; Ogbo, Felix A.; Owolabi, Mayowa O.; Patton, George C.; Pourmalek, Farshad; Qorbani, Mostafa; Rafay, Anwar; Rai, Rajesh Kumar; Ranabhat, Chhabi L.; Reinig, Nikolas; Safiri, Saeid; Salomon, Joshua A.; Sanabria, Juan Ramon; Santos, Itamar S.; Sartorius, Benn; Sawhney, Monika; Schmidhuber, Josef; Schutte, Aletta E.; Schmidt, Maria I.; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Shamsizadeh, Moretza; Sheikhbahaei, Sara; Shin, Min-Jeong; Shiri, Rahman; Shiue, Ivy; Roba, Hirbo S.; Silva, Diego Augusto Santos; Silverberg, Jonathan I.; Singh, Jasvinder A.; Stranges, Saverio; Swaminathan, Soumya; Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael; Tadese, Fentaw; Tedla, Bemnet Amare; Tegegne, Balewgizie S.; Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman; Thakur, J.S.; Tonelli, Marcello; Topor-Madry, Roman; Tyrovolas, Stefanos; Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna; Uthman, Olalekan A.; Vaezghasemi, Masoud; Vasankari, Tommi; Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich; Vollset, Stein Emil; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Werdecker, Andrea; Wesana, Joshua; Westerman, Ronny; Yano, Yuichiro; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Yonga, Gerald; Zaidi, Zoubida; Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew; Zipkin, Ben; Murray, Christopher J.L. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-07-06)
      Background:<br> Although the rising pandemic of obesity has received major attention in many countries, the effects of this attention on trends and the disease burden of obesity remain uncertain.<br> <br>Methods: <br> We analyzed data from 68.5 million persons to assess the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adults between 1980 and 2015. Using the ...
    • Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants 

      Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea; Zhou, Bin; Sophiea, Marisa K.; Bentham, James; Paciorek, Christopher J.; Turilli, Maria L.C.; Andersen, Lars Bo; Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred; Ariansen, Inger Kristine Holtermann; Bjertness, Espen; Bjertness, Marius Bergsmark; Ekelund, Ulf; Graff-Iversen, Sidsel; Grøholt, Else Karin; Haugsgjerd, Teresa Risan; Bergh, Ingunn Holden; Janszky, Imre; Kolle, Elin; Krokstad, Steinar; Madar, Ahmed Ali; Sen, Abhijit; Skodje, Gry Irene; Sørgjerd, Elin Pettersen; Nilsen, Bente; Steene-Johannessen, Jostein; Tarp, Jakob; Tell, Grete S.; Torheim, Liv Elin; Wilsgaard, Tom; Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M.; Bennett, James E.; Di Cesare, Mariachiara; Taddei, Cristina; Bixby, Honor; Stevens, Gretchen A.; Riley, Leanne M.; Cowan, Melanie J.; Savin, Stefan; Danaei, Goodarz; Chirita-Emandi, Adela; Kengne, Andre P; Khang, Young-Ho; Laxmaiah, Avula; Malekzadeh, Reza; Miranda, Jaime; Moon, Jin Soo; Popovic, Stevo; Sørensen, Thorkild I.A.; Soric, Maroje; Starc, Gregor (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-07)
      Background - Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents.<p> <p>Methods - For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic ...
    • Heterogeneity of Associations between Total and Types of Fish Intake and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: Federated Meta-Analysis of 28 Prospective Studies Including 956,122 Participants 

      Pastorino, Silvia; Bishop, Tom; Sharp, Stephen J.; Pearce, Matthew; Akbaraly, Tasnime; Barbieri, Natalia B.; Bes-Rastrollo, Maira; Beulens, Joline W.J.; Chen, Zhengming; Du, Huaidong; Duncan, Bruce B.; Goto, Atsushi; Härkänen, Tommi; Hashemian, Maryam; Kromhout, Daan; Järvinen, Ritva; Kivimaki, Mika; Knekt, Paul; Lin, Xu; Lund, Eiliv; Magliano, Dianna; Malekzadeh, Reza; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; O’donoghue, Gráinne; O’gorman, Donal; Poustchi, Hossein; Rylander, Charlotta; Sawada, Norie; Shaw, Jonathan E.; Schmidt, Maria; Soedamah-Muthu, Sabita S.; Sun, Liang; Wen, Wanqing; Wolk, Alicja; Shu, Xiao-Ou; Zheng, Wei; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Forouhi, Nita G. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-07)
      The association between fish consumption and new-onset type 2 diabetes is inconsistent and differs according to geographical location. We examined the association between the total and types of fish consumption and type 2 diabetes using individual participant data from 28 prospective cohort studies from the Americas (6), Europe (15), the Western Pacific (6), and the Eastern Mediterranean (1) comprising ...
    • Sensitivity of self-reported opioid use in case-control studies: Healthy individuals versus hospitalized patients 

      Rashidian, Hamideh; Hadji, Maryam; Marzban, Maryam; Gholipour, Mahin; Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin; Kamangar, Farin; Malekzadeh, Reza; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Rezaianzadeh, Abbas; Moradi, Abdolvahab; Babhadi-Ashar, Nima; Ghiasvand, Reza; Khavari-Daneshvar, Hossein; Haghdoost, Ali Akbar; Zendehdel, Kazem (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-30)
      Background:<br>Several case-control studies have shown associations between the risk of different cancers and self-reported opium use. Inquiring into relatively sensitive issues, such as the history of drug use, is usually prone to information bias. However, in order to justify the findings of these types of studies, we have to quantify the level of such a negative bias. In current study, we aimed ...